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He submitted the new federal Constitution to the state legislature and presided over the ratification convention in Charleston in 1788.
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He was elected governor of South Carolina in 1787 and served one two-year term. Michael's in the state House of Representatives from 1776 until 1791. In the years following the battle and even the end of the Revolution, Pinckney publicly defended Gates's strategic and tacticial decisions, blaming the poorly disciplined militia for the defeat at Camden.Īfter the war, Pinckney turned away from the law and focused on managing his plantations and his political career. The British defeated the Continental Army and southern militia at Camden, leading to the downfall of Gates as a military commander. At the Battle of Camden on August 16, 1780, Pinckney's leg was shattered by a musket ball, and he was captured, ending his active service during the American Revolution. The hero of Saratoga, Gates had been sent south to revive the Patriot cause after the fall of Charleston. He linked up with the remaining Continental Army soldiers in the Carolinas and became Maj. Fortunately for Thomas Pinckney, he was not among the over 5,000 prisoners of war as Lincoln had sent him into the interior to search for expected reinforcements. Benjamin Lincoln surrendered the city to the British on May 12, 1780. When the British laid siege to Charleston in 1780, Pinckney urged the defense of the city, a strategy that proved disastrous for the Southern Department of the Continental Army when Maj. In the fall of 1779, Pinckney served as a liason between Franco-American forces at the failed siege of Savannah. During a lull in the fighting, he married Elizabeth Motte on July 22, 1779. When the British invaded South Carolina in May 1779, from their base in Savannah, Georgia, they burned Pinckney's plantation on the Ashepoo River. Pinckney even wrote his sister Harriott that she need not worry "for you may depend upon their being no fighting wherever I am." This prediction would prove incorrect when the British turned their attention to the American South, beginning in 1778. The bulk of his early military service featured garrison duty in Charleston harbor. He traveled to North Carolina and Virginia on recruiting missions and to supervise the construction of fortifications. Despite his long stay in England, Pinckney and his family members supported the Patriot cause.Īt the outbreak of war in 1775, Pinckney became a captain in the First South Carolina Regiment and was later promoted to major. His return to Charleston in December 1774 coincided with rising tensions between the colonists and the mother country. He also briefly studied military science at the Royal Military Academy in Caen, France. Thomas Pinckney received a liberal education at Westminster School and Christ College, Oxford, and later studied law at the Middle Temple in the Inns of Court. His parents sailed back to South Carolina in 1758 while Thomas and his brother stayed behind in England. His father, Charles Pinckney, and mother, Elizabeth "Eliza" Lucas, sailed with their two sons, Thomas and his older brother, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, to England in 1753 in pursuit of educational opportunities.
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Thomas Pinckney was born into a wealthy, influential family in Charleston, South Carolina on October 23, 1750.